FEBA Pakistan schedule update

The following revised winter schedules, are for the Pashto, Punjabi, Sindhi and Urdu services, previously listed as part of the FEBC Philippines schedule in ISWBG 2017-2018, and WRTH 2018 editions.

Broadcast are relayed via Dhabbaya, United Arab Emirates unless otherwise indicated, and targeted to South Asia.

All times UTC

Pashto
0230-0300  Tues   7320

Punjabi
0215-0230  Mon   7320

Sindhi
0215-0230  Tues/Wed/Thur  7320

Urdu
0200-0215  daily  7320
0215-0230  Fri    7320
0215-0300  Sat/Sun  7320
1600-1630  daily  7535 (relayed via Trans World Radio)
(WRTH 30 Jan 2018/edited by Teak Publishing)
Website with streaming audio: https://feba-radio.org/
FEBA Pakistan Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/Feba-Radio-Pakistan-1985111091775167/

RAE - Argentina Al Mundo, winter schedule update

Broadcast relayed via WRMI facilities in Okeechobee, Florida, unless otherwise indicated

All times UTC. Target areas as indicated

Chinese
0800-0900 mtwhf 9455na

English
0200-0300  twhfa  9455na

French
2330-0000  mtwhf  7780va (North America/Europe)

German
1000-1100  twhfa  6005eu (relayed via Kall, Krekel, Germany)
1900-2000  mtwhf  9395na
2100-2200  mtwhf  7780va (North America/Europe)

Italian
2000-2100  mtwhf  9395na
2200-2300  mtwhf  7780va (North America/Europe)

Japanese
0800-0900  mtwhf  9455na

Portuguese
1200-1300  mtwhf  9955sa (Brazil)

Spanish
2200-2300  mtwhf  5950ca (Central America)
(WRTH 30 Jan 2018/edited by Teak Publishing)

Clandestine stations, winter schedule upates

A glimpse of clandestine radio broadcasting

All times UTC

Voice of Freedom
0000-0200 on  5920 CHC 010 kW / 010 deg to NEAs Korean, alt 6045

Republic of Yemen Radio
0000-0700 on 11860 JED or RIY / unknown to N/ME Arabic

Radio Republica
0200-0400 on  9490 ISS 150 kW / 285 deg to Cuba Spanish

Radio Payem e-Doost
0230-0315 on  7460 KCH 500 kW / 116 deg to WeAs Farsi

Voice of Kashmir
0230-0330 on  6030 DEL 250 kW / 304 deg to SoAs Kashmiri

Voice of Freedom
0300-0800 on  5920 CHC 010 kW / 010 deg to NEAs Korean, alt 6045

Radio Tamazuj
0330-0430 on  7315 SMG 250 kW / 150 deg to EaAf Juba Arabic
0330-0430 on 15550 MDC 250 kW / 335 deg to EaAf Juba Arabic

Denge Kurdistan
0330-1530 on  4810 ERV 050 kW / non-dir to WeAs Kurdish
0330-1530 on  7520 ERV 300 kW / 192 deg to WeAs Kurdish

Radio Republica
0400-0500 on  9490 ISS 150 kW / 285 deg to Cuba Spanish Sun/Mon

Radio Dabanga
0430-0500 on  7315 SMG 250 kW / 150 deg to EaAf Juba Arabic
0430-0500 on 15550 MDC 250 kW / 335 deg to EaAf Juba Arabic

Echo of Unification
0430-0630 on  3945 PYO 100 kW / non-dir to NEAs Korean
0430-0630 on  3966vCNG 005 kW / non-dir to NEAs Korean
0430-0630 on  6250 PYO 100 kW / non-dir to NEAs Korean

Radio Biafra
0500-0530 on  7240 ISS 100 kW / 170 deg to WeAf English

Radio Dandal Kura International
0500-0700 on  5960 ASC 250 kW / 065 deg to WeAf Kanuri

Voice of The People
0530-2330 on  3480 K-S 050 kW / non-dir to NEAs Korean
0530-2330 on  3910 K-S 050 kW / non-dir to NEAs Korean
0530-2330 on  3930 K-S 050 kW / non-dir to NEAs Korean
0530-2330 on  4450 K-S 050 kW / non-dir to NEAs Korean
0530-2330 on  6520 K-S 050 kW / non-dir to NEAs Korean
0530-2330 on  6600 K-S 050 kW / non-dir to NEAs Korean

Echo of Hope
0600-2400 on  3985 HWA 100 kW / non-dir to NEAs Korean
0600-2400 on  4885 SEO 100 kW / non-dir to NEAs Korean
0600-2400 on  5995 HWA 100 kW / non-dir to NEAs Korean
0600-2400 on  6250 SEO 010 kW / 010 deg to NEAs Korean
0600-2400 on  6350 HWA 100 kW / non-dir to NEAs Korean
0600-2400 on  9100 SEO 010 kW / 010 deg to NEAs Korean

Radio Dandal Kura International
0700-0800 on 13810 WOF 250 kW / 165 deg to WeAf Kanuri

Radio Herwa International, inactive at present
0700-0730 on 11530 YFR 100 kW / 087 deg to WeAf Hausa/Kanuri
0700-0730 on 13710 ISS 100 kW / 170 deg to WeAf Hausa/Kanuri

Voice of Kashmir
0730-0830 on  6100 DEL 250 kW / 304 deg deg to SoAs Kashmiri

Voice of Freedom
0900-1500 on  5920 CHC 010 kW / 010 deg to NEAs Korean, alt 6045

Republic of Yemen Radio
0900-2400 on 11860 JED or RIY / unknown to N/ME Arabic

Suab Xaa Moo Zoo Voice of Hope
1130-1200 on 11530 TSH 100 kW / 250 deg to SEAs Hmong

Voice of Khmer M'Chas Srok
1130-1200 on 12150 TAC 100 kW / 122 deg to SEAs Khmer Thu/Sun
Radio Que Me
1200-1230 on  9930 HBN 100 kW / 318 deg to EaAs Vietnamese Fri

Voice of Tibet
1200-1208 on 11517 DB  100 kW / 095 deg to EaAs Chinese
1208-1230 on 11507 DB  100 kW / 095 deg to EaAs Chinese

Radio ERGO
1200-1300 on 17845 DHA 250 kW / 225 deg to EaAf Somali

Radio Free North Korea
1200-1300 on  9345 TAC 100 kW / 076 deg to NEAs Korean

National Unity Radio
1200-1500 on  7530 DB  100 kW / 071 deg to NEAs Korean

Voice of Tibet
1230-1237 on 11602 DB  100 kW / 131 deg to CeAs Tibetan
1237-1300 on 11603 DB  100 kW / 131 deg to CeAs Tibetan

Echo of Unification
1230-1430 on  3945 PYO 100 kW / non-dir to NEAs Korean
1230-1430 on  3966vCNG 005 kW / non-dir to NEAs Korean
1230-1430 on  6250 PYO 100 kW / non-dir to NEAs Korean

Voice of Tibet
1300-1305 on  9897 DB  100 kW / 131 deg to CeAs Tibetan
1305-1335 on  9898 DB  100 kW / 131 deg to CeAs Tibetan
1335-1400 on  9903 DB  100 kW / 131 deg to CeAs Tibetan

Voice of Tibet
1300-1308 on 11627 DB  100 kW / 095 deg to EaAs Chinese
1308-1316 on 11632 DB  100 kW / 095 deg to EaAs Chinese
1316-1330 on 11637 DB  100 kW / 095 deg to EaAs Chinese

Nippon no Kaze
1300-1330 on  7295 TSH 300 kW / 352 deg to NEAs Korean
1300-1330 on  9465 TSH 300 kW / 002 deg to NEAs Korean
1300-1330 on  9940 TSH 100 kW / 002 deg to NEAs Korean

JSR Shiokaze Sea Breeze
1300-1330 on  5935 YAM 300 kW / 280 deg to NEAs Chinese Mon
1300-1330 on  5935 YAM 300 kW / 280 deg to NEAs Japanese Tue
1300-1330 on  5935 YAM 300 kW / 280 deg to NEAs Korean Wed
1300-1330 on  5935 YAM 300 kW / 280 deg to NEAs English Thu
1300-1330 on  5935 YAM 300 kW / 280 deg to NEAs Korean Fri
1300-1330 on  5935 YAM 300 kW / 280 deg to NEAs Japanese Sat
1300-1330 on  5935 YAM 300 kW / 280 deg to NEAs Korean Sun

Furusato no Kaze
1330-1400 on  7295 TSH 300 kW / 352 deg to NEAs Japanese
1330-1400 on  9705 TSH 300 kW / 002 deg to NEAs Japanese
1330-1400 on  9950 TSH 100 kW / 002 deg to NEAs Japanese

JSR Shiokaze Sea Breeze
1330-1400 on  5935 YAM 300 kW / 280 deg to NEAs Korean Mon
1330-1400 on  5935 YAM 300 kW / 280 deg to NEAs Japanese Tue
1330-1400 on  5935 YAM 300 kW / 280 deg to NEAs Korean Wed
1330-1400 on  5935 YAM 300 kW / 280 deg to NEAs English Thu
1330-1400 on  5935 YAM 300 kW / 280 deg to NEAs Korean Fri
1330-1400 on  5935 YAM 300 kW / 280 deg to NEAs Korean Sat
1330-1400 on  5935 YAM 300 kW / 280 deg to NEAs Japanese Sun

Voice of Wilderness
1330-1530 on  7625 TAC 100 kW / 070 deg to NEAs Korean

Furusato no Kaze
1405-1435 on  6085 YAM 300 kW / 280 deg to NEAs Japanese
1430-1500 on  7295 TSH 300 kW / 352 deg to NEAs Japanese
1430-1500 on  9560 TSH 300 kW / 002 deg to NEAs Japanese
1430-1500 on  9960 HBN 100 kW / 345 deg to NEAs Japanese

Voice of Kashmir
1430-1530 on  6030 DEL 250 kW / 304 deg to SoAs Kashmiri

North Korea Reform Radio
1430-1530 on  7590 TAC 100 kW / 076 deg to NEAs Korean

Radio Tamazuj
1430-1530 on 13800 MDC 250 kW / 340 deg to EaAf Juba Arabic
1430-1530 on 15550 SMG 250 kW / 150 deg to EaAf Juba Arabic

Nippon no Kaze
1500-1530 on  7290 TSH 300 kW / 352 deg to NEAs Korean
1500-1530 on  9800 TSH 300 kW / 002 deg to NEAs Korean
1500-1530 on  9975 HBN 100 kW / 345 deg to NEAs Korean

Radio Warra Wangeelaa-ti
1500-1530 on 15515 SCB 050 kW / 195 deg to EaAf Afan Oromo Sat

Living Water Ministry Broadcasting
1500-1600 on  7280 PUG 250 kW / 000 deg to NEAs Korean Tue-Thu

Denge Kurdistan
1530-1600 on  7520 ERV 300 kW / 192 deg to WeAs Kurdish

Nippon no Kaze
1530-1600 on  7290 TSH 300 kW / 352 deg to NEAs Korean
1530-1600 on  9465 TSH 300 kW / 002 deg to NEAs Korean
1530-1600 on  9965 HBN 100 kW / 345 deg to NEAs Korean

Radio Dabanga
1530-1630 on 13800 MDC 250 kW / 340 deg to EaAf Juba Arabic
1530-1630 on 15550 SMG 250 kW / 150 deg to EaAf Juba Arabic

Voice of Martyrs
1530-1700 on  7510 TAC 100 kW / 076 deg to NEAs Korean/English

Furusato no Kaze
1600-1630 on  6045 TSH 300 kW / 352 deg to NEAs Japanese
1600-1630 on  9690 TSH 300 kW / 002 deg to NEAs Japanese
1600-1630 on  9975 HBN 100 kW / 345 deg to NEAs Japanese

JSR Shiokaze Sea Breeze
1600-1630 on  6110 YAM 300 kW / 280 deg to NEAs Chinese Mon
1600-1630 on  6110 YAM 300 kW / 280 deg to NEAs Japanese Tue
1600-1630 on  6110 YAM 300 kW / 280 deg to NEAs Korean Wed
1600-1630 on  6110 YAM 300 kW / 280 deg to NEAs English Thu
1600-1630 on  6110 YAM 300 kW / 280 deg to NEAs Korean Fri
1600-1630 on  6110 YAM 300 kW / 280 deg to NEAs Japanese Sat
1600-1630 on  6110 YAM 300 kW / 280 deg to NEAs Korean Sun

Radio Xoriyo Ogaden
1600-1630 on 11970 ISS 500 kW / 130 deg to EaAf Somali Tue/Sat
1600-1630 on 17870 ISS 500 kW / 130 deg to EaAf Somali Mon/Fri

Radio Voice of Independent Oromiya
1600-1630 on 17850 ISS 250 kW / 130 deg to EaAf Oromo Sun

Voice of Amara Radio, inactive at present
1600-1700 on 15360 ISS 250 kW / 120 deg to EaAf Amharic Sun

Voice of Freedom
1600-2000 on  5920 CHC 010 kW / 010 deg to NEAs Korean, alt 6045

Denge Kurdistan
1600-2200 on  1395 ERV 500 kW / ??? deg to WeAs Kurdish
1600-2200 on  7320 ERV 300 kW / 280 deg to WeAs Kurdish

Nippon no Kaze
1630-1700 on  6155 TSH 300 kW / 352 deg to NEAs Korean

JSR Shiokaze Sea Breeze
1630-1700 on  6110 YAM 300 kW / 280 deg to NEAs Korean Mon
1630-1700 on  6110 YAM 300 kW / 280 deg to NEAs Japanese Tue
1630-1700 on  6110 YAM 300 kW / 280 deg to NEAs Korean Wed
1630-1700 on  6110 YAM 300 kW / 280 deg to NEAs English Thu
1630-1700 on  6110 YAM 300 kW / 280 deg to NEAs Korean Fri
1630-1700 on  6110 YAM 300 kW / 280 deg to NEAs Korean Sat
1630-1700 on  6110 YAM 300 kW / 280 deg to NEAs Japanese Sun

Furusato no Kaze
1700-1730 on  6155 TSH 300 kW / 352 deg to NEAs Japanese

Radio Ranginkaman/Radio Rainbow
1700-1730 on  7580 KCH 500 kW / 116 deg to WeAs Farsi Mon/Fri

Voice of Oromo Liberation
1700-1730 on 11810 NAU 100 kW / 144 deg to EaAf Afan Oromo Wed/Fri/Sun

Dimtse Radio Erena
1700-1730 on  9720 SCB 050 kW / 195 deg to EaAf Tigrinya Mon-Fri

Dimtse Radio Erena
1730-1800 on  9720 SCB 050 kW / 195 deg to EaAf Arabic Mon-Fri

Dimtse Radio Erena
1700-1800 on  9720 SCB 050 kW / 195 deg to EaAf Tigrinya Sat
1700-1800 on  9720 SCB 050 kW / 195 deg to EaAf Arabic Sun

Voice of Amara Radio, inactive at present
1700-1800 on 15360 ISS 250 kW / 120 deg to EaAf Amharic Mon/Wed/Sat

Voice of Oromo Liberation
1730-1800 on 11810 NAU 100 kW / 144 deg to EaAf Amharic Wed

Radio Payem e-Doost
1800-1845 on  7480 KCH 500 kW / 116 deg to WeAs Farsi

Radio Itahuka
1800-1900 on 15420 MDC 250 kW / 320 deg to SoAf Kirundi Sat

Radio Dandal Kura International
1800-2100 on 12050 ASC 250 kW / 065 deg to WeAf Kanuri

Lutheran World Federation/Voice of Gospel/Sawtu Linjilia
1830-1858 on  9800 ISS 500 kW / 180 deg to WCAf Fulfulde

Radio Herwa International
1930-2000 on  9580 ISS 100 kW / 170 deg to WeAf Hausa/Kanuri
1930-2000 on 11530 YFR 100 kW / 087 deg to WeAf Hausa/Kanuri

North Korea Reform Radio
2030-2130 on  7500 TAC 100 kW / 076 deg to NEAs Korean

Voice of Freedom
2100-2400 on  5920 CHC 010 kW / 010 deg to NEAs Korean, alt 6045

Suab Xaa Moo Zoo Voice of Hope
2230-2300 on  7530 TSH 100 kW / 250 deg to SEAs Hmong

Echo of Unification
2230-0030 on  3945 PYO 100 kW / non-dir to NEAs Korean
2230-0030 on  3966vCNG 005 kW / non-dir to NEAs Korean
2230-0030 on  6250 PYO 100 kW / non-dir to NEAs Korean

Voice of Tibet
2300-2305 on  7493 DB  100 kW / 131 deg to CeAs Tibetan
2305-2330 on  7487 DB  100 kW / 131 deg to CeAs Tibetan
2330-2335 on  7493 DB  100 kW / 131 deg to CeAs Tibetan
2335-2345 on  7487 DB  100 kW / 131 deg to CeAs Tibetan
2345-2400 on  7488 DB  100 kW / 131 deg to CeAs Tibetan

Sound of Hope Xi Wang Zhi Sheng & RFA relays, times vary
2100-1700 on  6230 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on  6280 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on  6370 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on  6730 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on  6870 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on  6900 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on  7210 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on  7280 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on  7310 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on  7650 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on  7730 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on  7810 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on  9080 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on  9155 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on  9180 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on  9200 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on  9230 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chi/RFA
2100-1700 on  9255 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on  9280 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on  9320 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chi/RFA
2100-1700 on  9540 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on  9635 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on  9730 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on  9920 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on  9970 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 10820 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 10870 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 10920 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 10960 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 11070 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 11100 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chi/RFA
2100-1700 on 11150 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 11300 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 11370 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 11410 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 11440 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 11460 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 11500 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 11530 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 11580 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chi/RFA
2100-1700 on 11600 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chi/RFA
2100-1700 on 11715 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 11765 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 11775 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 11970 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 12150 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 12170 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 12190 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chi/RFA
2100-1700 on 12230 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 12345 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 12370 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 12430 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 12500 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 12560 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 12775 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 12800 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 12870 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 12910 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 12950 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 12980 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 13070 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 13130 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 13200 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 13230 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 13270 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 13530 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 13620 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 13640 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 13680 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 13775 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 13820 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 13870 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 13890 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 13920 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 13980 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 14370 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 14430 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 14500 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 14600 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 14700 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 14775 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 14800 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 14820 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 14870 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 14900 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 14920 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 14980 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chi/RFA
2100-1700 on 15070 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 15295 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 15340 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 15740 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 15775 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 15800 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chi/RFA
2100-1700 on 15870 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 15940 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 15970 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 16100 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 16160 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 16250 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 16300 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 16350 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 16680 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 16770 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 16775 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 16980 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 17000 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 17200 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 17400 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 17440 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 18180 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 18870 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
2100-1700 on 21800 unknown kW / non-dir to EaAs Chinese
(DXMN 29 Jan)
Teak Publishing

The Usage of Radio Callsigns

The origin of callsigns as an identification for radio stations goes right back into the era when distant communication was achieved via connected telegraph wires. Instead of spelling out a specific location in Morse Code it was easier and quicker to identify a specific location with just one or two or perhaps three letters and numbers. Thus, when distant communication was achieved by wireless, then the same system fell into use.  Initially, any wireless station could choose any short combination of letters and numbers as a callsign and this would make identification quick and easy.  Simple as this may seem, yet the usage of radio callsigns has in itself become quite a cumbersome issue.
For example, a radio callsign can be used to identify a specific transmitter.

As an example, the callsign KWID identified a 100 kW transmitter located at Islais Creek near San Francisco in California during the era of World War 2.  When this transmitter was on the air, it was always identified as KWID, regardless of the frequency in use. However, back during that same era, the BBC in London issued a separate callsign for each different shortwave frequency, regardless of the actual transmitter or location.  Thus callsign GRC identified a 50 kW transmitter on the frequency 2880 kHz, and GRB identified a 50 kW transmitter on 6010 kHz.

However, during that same era, Radio Australia followed a slightly different pattern again. Each basic three letter callsign identified a specific transmitter, such as VLC at Shepparton in Victoria and a suffix number indicated a specific frequency.  For example VLC2 identified the 50 kW RCA transmitter at Shepparton on the frequency 9680 kHz, and VLC3 identified the same transmitter on another frequency 11870 kHz.However, due to many changes in frequency over a period of many years, this system became somewhat cumbersome, and so they subsequently adjusted the numeric suffix to identify a particular MHz band.  For example VLA9 would identify a 100 kW transmitter VLA at Shepparton on any frequency in the 9 MHz band (31 metre) and likewise VLA15 would identify the same 100 kW transmitter on any frequency in the 15 MHz band (19 metre).

Another usage of a callsign became evident in the United States during the war in the middle of last century. A specific communication transmitter that was licensed under its own callsign was granted another callsign for a particular program service. The large communication station operated by PWI Press Wireless International at Hicksville on Long Island New York operated many shortwave transmitters, and even some of the staff who worked there did not know how many.  These transmitters ranged in power from 10 kW up to 40 kW and 100 kW.  Beginning in April 1942, PWI Hicksville began the relay of VOA Voice of America programming beamed to Africa and Europe.

However one year later, beginning in March 1943, PWI Hicksville began to identify their on air programming with four letter callsigns such as WKRD WKRX and WKLJ for which some QSLs were issued.  These callsigns did not identify a specific transmitter nor a specific shortwave channel, but rather a particular program service. Over a period of nearly two years, a total of at least a dozen four letter callsigns were applied to the program relays over these PWI communication transmitters, a procedure that ended in February 1945.  The PWI usage of the four letter broadcast callsigns still defies interpretation and understanding even to this day.

Medium wave radio callsigns in the United States seem to indicate, one call, one station, regardless of the number of actual transmitters they may operate.  However, in earlier years the one transmitter could be licensed with more than one callsign.  For example, back in the year 1934, the university radio station in West Lafayette Indiana operated a facility with three different callsigns. For program broadcasting, the callsign was WBAA; for experimental radio transmissions, the callsign was W9XG; and for amateur communications, the callsign was W9YB.

At one stage the ABC shortwave station located at Lyndhurst in Victoria Australia operated a total of ten shortwave transmitters, each rated at 10 kW.  All of these transmitters were used in consecutive rotation for all of the broadcasts of all of the program services. 

The callsign VLH was originally a single transmitter callsign and it usually carried a relay of programming from 3AR Melbourne.  However as time went by, the call VLH became in reality a program service from the ABC studios in Melbourne. 

In 1987 for example, there was a daily overlapping period of ¾ hour in which there were two transmitters on the air under the one callsign VLH:-
  0830 - 0915 UTC VLH9 9680 kHz & VLH15 15230 kHz

In a different setting, sometimes callsigns were varied according to the location to which the transmissions were beamed.  For example, back in the mid 1930s, transmitters VLK VLM and VK2ME at the AWA station at Pennant Hills near Sydney in Australia were used at times for international radio communication.  When beamed to England, the callsign was VLK; when beamed to Indonesia, the callsign was VLJ (Java); and when beamed to New Zealand, the callsign was VLZ. 

However for program broadcasting at the beginning of World War II in 1939, the callsign was VLQ.
So how then should we understand the usage and application of international radio callsigns? There is only one answer. We should understand and interpret the usage of radio station callsigns according to the actual usage by the station itself whose story we are studying.
(AWR Wavescan 465)

All India Radio Jammu Celebrates 70 Years

All India Radio Jammu broadcast

Just a few weeks ago, All India Radio at Jammu on the edge of the high Himalayas in India celebrated its 70th anniversary. It was seventy years ago, on December 1, 1947, that the first radio station in Jammu was inaugurated by His Excellency Maharajah Sir Hari Singh, the last hereditary ruler of independent Jammu & Kashmir. Jammu is the name of a city, a princedom, a state division, and a part of the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir. The area was first populated by settlers from the ancient Indus Valley Harappan civilization who migrated along the Indus River up into the five rivers of the Punjab and into the Jammu and Kashmir region.

As a city, Jammu was established by Rajah Jambu Lochan around the year 1400 BC. As time went by, the city grew into a territory, which in turn became a princedom. Some two thousand years later, the area was ruled from Afghanistan. Then in 1846, the Jammu Prince Gulab Singh extended his rule over all of the Kashmir vale, and the entire territory became a princedom, Jammu & Kashmir. When the British stepped in, they retained Jammu & Kashmir as a combined princely state.  At the time of partition between India and Pakistan in 1947, Jammu & Kashmir became a state of contention between the two powers.  Since then, there have been two wars and many skirmishes over the Jammu and Kashmir issue.  

The city of Jammu is 370 miles north of Delhi; it has a population of half a million; and it is the winter capital for the state of Jammu and Kashmir, due to the heavy snows further north in Srinagar, the summer capital.  Tourism is a major industry in Jammu, due mainly to the multitudes of pilgrims who surge into the region from other areas of India. It was on December 1, 1947, three and a half months after partition between India and Pakistan, that a rather elementary radio station was inaugurated in Jammu city.  The 1 kW medium wave station was housed in three classrooms at the government operated Ranbir High School, and for the benefit of local listeners, community receivers were installed at 56 public locations throughout the city, suburbs and nearby villages.

Two years later (1949), Radio Jammu was listed with two outlets on shortwave, in the 4 MHz and 6 MHz bands, apparently at a subsequent location.  Then five years later, in December 1954, Radio Jammu (along with Radio Kashmir in Srinagar) was handed over to the Indian government and it joined the government radio network AIR, All India Radio. The World Radio TV Handbook lists AIR Radio Jammu with 250 watts on 990 kHz, beginning in their 1954 issue. The power output on mediumwave was subsequently increased to 5 kW, and in the early 1970s, a 50 kW medium wave transmitter was installed.

A 2 kW shortwave station is first listed in the WRTVHB in 1962, and depending on propagation conditions, any of four shortwave channels were in use: 3345 4950 5960 & 7160 kHz.  It appears that an additional 1 kW shortwave transmitter was installed some ten years later, and apparently there were times when both of the low powered shortwave units were on the air in parallel.

In the early 1990s, the low powered shortwave outlets were dropped due to equipment deterioration.  However, soon afterwards, All India Radio announced plans for the installation of a 50 kW shortwave station in Jammu. Installation of the new 50 kW BEL shortwave transmitter began in mid 2000, though the unit was not taken into regular service for another two and a half years.  The official date for the inauguration of this new 50 kW unit for AIR Radio Jammu was December 11, 2002.  Just two shortwave channels have been in use, 4830 kHz & 5965 kHz. 

However, transmitter problems began half a dozen years later, and shortwave usage became quite irregular. Beginning three years ago, the WRTVHB no longer listed Jammu on shortwave.
 Current listings for All India Radio Jammu show:
  DRM 300 kW 999 kHz
  FM 3 kW Jammu A on 100.3 MHZ & 10 kW Jammu B on 104.5 MHz

AIR Radio Jammu, along with so many other areas in India, is now moving rapidly towards complete national radio coverage in the digital DRM mode.   
(AWR Wavescan 465)
photo: http://airddfamily.blogspot.com/2017/12/all-india-radio-jammu-completed-seventy.html

Ancient DX Report 1914

A little over one hundred years ago, a series of tragic events in continental Europe escalated into the beginning of what was subsequently described as the Great War, an international conflict that some said would ultimately be the war to end all wars.  On June 28, 1914, His Royal Highness the 50 year old Archduke Franz Ferdinand, Heir Presumptive to the throne of the ailing Austro-Hungarian Empire, was assassinated during a state visit to Sarajevo, the capital city of Bosnia.  His wife, Her Highness Sophie, the 46 year old Duchess of Hohenberg, was also killed at the same time.

The Royal Couple arrived by train in Sarajevo Bosnia from the nearby tourist town Ilidza on Sunday morning June 28, 1914, a bright sunny summer day.  They transferred to the back seat of a luxury motor car, the second in a motorcade of 6 vehicles, for a short journey which ultimately ended at the downtown City Hall building.  The sixth car in this royal parade was empty, simply as a standby for any of the others if they failed. En route, there was a failed attempt at assassination by grenade, though some personnel in the cavalcade and a few bystanders were injured in the event.  The car behind the royal couple in the official motorcade was damaged by the explosion of the grenade, and it no longer participated in the official events.

After the official welcome at the City Hall, the cavalcade of cars, now numbering only five, left with the intent of traveling to the hospital so that the royal couple could visit those who were wounded in the failed assassination attempt.  At this stage, the car that the royal couple traveled in was now the third in the cavalcade. The vehicle in which they traveled was a 1910 model Bois de Boulogne Double Phaeton Type 28/32 motor car made by Gräf & Stift in Vienna.  This vehicle, with engine number 287, was owned by Count Franz von Harrach, and it was licensed with an army identification plate showing A III-118. In a remarkable coincidence this vehicle identification number can be expressed as the date for Armistice Day at the subsequent end of World War 1 four years later:  A III-118 = A for Armistice, 11-11-18, that is November 11, 1918.

At around 10:45 am on that same fateful Sunday morning in 1914, the chauffeur Leopold Lojka by mistake took a wrong turn, and he then attempted to back the car onto the main thoroughfare, a difficult maneuver for the luxury Gräf & Stift vehicle.  At that stage, 19 year old Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princi, who happened to be standing nearby, seized the opportunity to kill the royal couple. The would be assassin fired just two bullets. The first bullet penetrated the aluminium side of the motor vehicle and hit the Duchess Sophie in the abdomen; some say she was pregnant.  The second bullet hit Archduke Franz in the neck.  Both victims bled to death in the next few minutes.  The vehicle’s odometer read 8596 kilometers (5341 miles).  The young assassin Gavrilo Princi was arrested and brutally mistreated, and he died in prison four years later. That tragic event took place on Sunday morning June 28, 1914.  Exactly one month later, on July 28, Austria-Hungary declared war against Serbia, and Germany invaded France.  One week later again, England declared war against Germany.  World War 1!

Interestingly, some evangelical Protestants understand that both World War 1 and World War II were foretold in the Holy Scriptures.  Anne Graham Lotz, the daughter of Evangelical evangelist Billy Graham states in her book, “Expecting to See Jesus” (p 27): “World War I and World War II . . .  were predicted by Jesus when He warned, “Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom.” What was the wireless scene in Europe at the time when the belligerent powers went to war?  Germany operated two major wireless stations at the time, both maritime, at Nauen and Eilvese.  During the year 1914, Germany rebuilt their station POZ at Nauen near Berlin with a new transmitter building, a massive new antenna system together with a recently installed new 100 kW ARCO wireless transmitter.  The wireless station at Eilvese near Hanover was a little smaller than the Nauen station, though it was still very effective for use in international wireless communication.
We might also refer to the lower powered 10 kW maritime station Nordeich Radio which was located near Kiel in Germany. 

At that time Nordeich Radio was on the air under its second consecutive callsign KAV.  (The original call was KND; and the more familiar call DAN was adopted in 1927.) At the very commencement of the 1914 war, Great Britain cut the German underwater cable systems across the Atlantic.  In order to communicate with the German colonies and German commercial interests in the Americas, Africa, and the South Pacific, intervening German naval vessels conducted a cascade relay of information in Morse Code between the German mainland and the distant German locations. During that early era of the Great War, the German navy used isolated and lonely Easter Island, half way between South America and the exotic islands of the South Pacific, as a safe rallying point.  For a short period of time, they even operated their own temporary wireless station ashore on Easter Island.    

Within the United States, the German Telefunken company had constructed two huge wireless stations; at Tuckerton on Hickory Island New Jersey with 200 kW, and Sayville on Long Island New York with 100 kW.  Station WCI WGG on Hickory Island (which was not actually an island but rather part of the New Jersey shoreline) communicated in Morse Code mainly with station OUI, the Eilvese wireless station near Hanover in Germany.  The Sayville station WSL communicated with mainly POZ in Nauen near Berlin.   

A map of the British Isles shows literally a hundred or more wireless stations in use in 1914, and they were scattered around the coastlines, with a few further inland.  Notable among those early wireless stations were the well known Marconi station at Poldhu (MPD & ZZ) and the Marconi stations on the Isle of Wight.  There was also the powerful new Marconi station MUU at Carnarvon in Wales.

 In addition, the English Marconi company had also installed, and in 1914 was operating, several important wireless stations in North America (and beyond), including:
  CB-VAS   Glace Bay   Cape Breton Island  Canada
  CE-VCE Cape Race  Newfoundland  (Canada)
  NFF  New Brunswick New Jersey  USA
  CC-WCC Cape Cod  Massachusetts USA
  PH-KPH Bolinas  California   USA
  KIE  Kahuku  Oahu   Hawaii
(AWR Wavescan 436)
photo: http://www.rundfunk-nostalgie.de/seefunk.html

Trans World Radio Bonaire, winter schedule update

TWR Bonaire

All times UTC on 800 kHz medium wave

Trans World Radio Bonaire

English
2300-0000 800 me

Portuguese
0800-0900 800 mw
0900-1000 800 me

Spanish
0000-0100 800 mw
0100-0200 800 mw
0200-0300 800 mw
0300-0400 800 mw
0400-0500 800 mw
0500-0600 800 mw
0600-0700 800 mw
0700-0800 800 mw
1000-1100 800 mw
1100-1200 800 mw
1200-1230 800 mw
2130-2200 800 mw
2200-2300 800 mw
(WRTH 30 Jan)
Website with streaming audio: http://www.twrbonaire.com
Photo via http://www.g3txf.com/dxtrip/PJ4-Sep-13/PJ4.html 

Famous Broadcasts from KDKA Shortwave

On this occasion here in Wavescan, we pick up the story of the prestigious KDKA once again, and this time we investigate some of their famous shortwave broadcasts that were beamed to various parts of the world.  On many notable occasions, their programming was received in different countries with sufficient clarity that it was relayed on distant local radio stations.   

Actually, today’s story begins way back on the evening of Friday October 17, 1919, nearly one century ago. It was on that date, that Dr. Frank Conrad broadcast his first music program on his own longwave amateur radio station 8XK after the end of World War 1. 

A little over a year later on the evening of Tuesday November 2,1920, the new 100 watt 8ZZ-KDKA signed on with its now legendary broadcast on 545 kHz which contained the voting results in the presidential general election.  On May 19 in the following year 1921, KDKA began the daily broadcast of commodity market prices; fresh fruits and vegetables, and farm animals.

On April 5 of the next year again (1922), announcer Harold Arlin was on the air with a regularly  scheduled KDKA broadcast on mediumwave containing music, news and information.  Up in the town of Hespeler near Toronto in Canada some 225 miles distant, Mr. W. W. Weaver tuned in to this programming and he recorded what he heard on a Dictaphone wax cylinder and he posted it back to KDKA as a very interesting form of reception report. A few months later in August of the same year (1922), a new 1 kW shortwave transmitter 8XS was installed on the roof top of Building K at the Westinghouse factory at East Pittsburgh and this unit usually carried the same programming as co-sited mediumwave station KDKA.  From this time onwards, almost all of the long distance reception from KDKA was via the shortwave unit rather than via the mediumwave unit.  One of the earliest reception reports for this new transmitter came from a shipboard radio officer, Frank Reb aboard the ship Santa Luisa in port at Iquique in Chile in South America.  

In September 1923, the Metropolitan-Vickers Electrical Company at Trafford Park in Manchester England received the shortwave signal from 8XS-KDKA and they rebroadcast the programming for local listeners via their mediumwave station 2ZY on 793 kHz.  At the time, it was stated that both KDKA mediumwave and 8XS shortwave were audible, though the shortwave signal was far superior. The Metropolitan-Vickers Electrical Company in Manchester was in reality the English equivalent of the American Westinghouse company.  Interestingly, Metro-Vickers was so impressed with the superiority of shortwave coverage that they installed their own shortwave transmitter that was tuned to 100 metres (3 MHz). The first reported reception of KDKA shortwave on land in South America came from a British Army officer, Major Roland Raven-Hart, high up in the Andes Mountains at a new railway siding known as Los Andes, on the border between Argentina and Chile.  The date for this long distance radio reception was October 30, 1923 and the major heard KDKA-8XS on 60 metres on his amateur station 9TC.  This record long distance radio reception was reported in radio publications at the time.
 
 Station KDKA beamed a Christmas program to England on Christmas Eve of the same year (1923) and it was heard also in Hawaii.  Then, just a week later on January 1, 1924, KDKA beamed a New Year’s Day program to England, and this was heard also in Africa and India.  Reception was good in England, and Metropolitan-Vickers rebroadcast the programming over their own mediumwave station which was now on the air under a new call at a new location, 2AC at 57 Dickenson Street, Manchester. Many notable broadcasts were made during the year 1924, and the KDKA programming was rebroadcast by local mediumwave stations in many different countries on several occasions, including in South Africa, Australia and nationwide across the United States. In March (1924), there was an MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) Alumni Dinner at the Waldorf Astoria Hotel in New York City and this event was given wide area coverage over KDKA-8XS, as well as over other shortwave stations in the United States also.  During the same month, KDKA also prepared a special program entirely in Spanish for the benefit of listeners in South America. A large international conference was held mid year in London, and both Frank Conrad from KDKA and David Sarnoff of RCA were present.  In advance, Conrad had arranged that KDKA-8XS would broadcast progressive baseball scores on shortwave and he invited Sarnoff to his hotel room for a demonstration of shortwave reception. 

 With the use of a metal curtain rod as the antenna, Conrad tuned in 8XS on his own home made one tube shortwave receiver, much to Sarnoff’s surprise.  This simple event changed the direction of international radio broadcasting for ever and it highlighted the usefulness of shortwave broadcasting for international radio coverage. On October 11 (1924), the Heinz food company staged a series of anniversary banquets in 62 cities in the United States, Canada and England which attracted a total of 10,000 banqueters in the three countries alone.  The main banquet venue was Pittsburgh Pennsylvania and the entire international event was given wide coverage over 8XS shortwave.  A special landline was installed between the White House and radio station KDKA and President Calvin Coolidge was able to present a special re-election campaign speech for the occasion. A KDKA program was rebroadcast locally on medium wave in Johannesburg South Africa on December 12 (1924).  Then two days later, a special program was beamed to Australia on 63 metres (4760 kHz) and for the first time it was rebroadcast locally on medium wave.  This December 14 broadcast was actually a preliminary test for a more ambitious project, a special broadcast to Australia six weeks later on Australia Day next year (January 26, 1925). On that auspicious date, 8XS was on the air on 4760 kHz using a hollow copper tube as the transmitting antenna.  The program was broadcast to the Melbourne Herald newspaper and to the Listener In weekly radio publication. 

 In addition, the programming was received by the AWA radiotrician, Mr. R. Pringle, who operated an AWA call sign at his own home in suburban Melbourne.  The receiving antenna was strung from the roof of his house to the rear of the roof on the nearby church building. Apparently there were a few unofficial and insignificant attempts to rebroadcast the KDKA programming locally in Australia on December 14 (1924) and again on January 26 (1925).  However, in May (1925) there was indeed a successful relay of KDKA programming on medium wave by an amateur  station in Hobart on the Australian island of Tasmania.  Young Mr. Trevor Watkins rebroadcast the 8XS shortwave signal on medium wave 1305 kHz over his amateur station 7AA.

 In July 1925, KDKA broadcast a series of programs for the benefit of the visiting American Fleet while it was in Australian waters.  In October of the following year (1926) KDKA presented four evenings of special programming for the benefit of listeners in Australia. During the years running from 1928-1930, they made many special broadcasts to the Byrd Antarctic Expedition, usually via relays in Australia and New Zealand.  Then on November 6, 1932, they participated in a special round the world radio broadcast.  All of this was on shortwave. However, there was another series of KDKA special programs on shortwave that were beamed north to the Canadian Arctic.  That’s our story here in Wavescan on another occasion.
(AWR Wavescan 464)

From the Isle of Music schedules

The first broadcast of From the Isle of Music was Feb 1, 2016. We will celebrate the anniversary on air in the episode that follows this one.

From the Isle of Music, January 29-February 3, 2018

This week brings us a Cuban dance party.

For the Americas and parts of Europe, Tuesday 0100-0200 UTC on WBCQ, 7490 KHz from Monticello, Maine, USA (Monday 8-9PM EST in the US). This is running on a backup transmitter due to a recent fire.

For Europe and sometimes beyond, Tuesday 1900-2000 UTC and Saturday 1200-1300 UTC on Channel 292, 6070 KHz from Rohrbach, Germany.

William "Bill" Tilford, Owner/Producer
Tilford Productions, LLC
5713 N. St. Louis Av
Chicago IL 60659-4405
email: bill@tilfordproductions.com
phone: 773.267.6548
website: www.tilfordproductions.com

Passed by the Censors

(Defense Media Network)

During the stressful days of World War II, in the middle of last century, there was still a flow of postal mail across the wide oceans, though at times there were lengthy delays before delivery was finally made to the addressee. Sometimes the method of transportation of the mail was by plane, and sometimes it was by boat, though as we know, there were losses due to enemy action.

For the security of the armed forces in the war zones, censors were appointed to check outgoing mail to ensure that the items of postal mail contained no sensitive information that would be helpful to enemy personnel if by chance they happened to obtain access.  Items of half a century old postal mail that are identified in some way as passed by a censor are these days valuable collector’s items. It is true that listener reception reports, QSL cards and QSL letters were subject back then to inspection by an appointed censor, and a sticker or a rubber stamping on the envelope or the card testifies to this intrusion by the censor. Today, we examine a handful of QSLs and reception reports from that era that were examined by a censor.

 

We begin with Port Moresby in Papua New Guinea, and back at that time, there were Japanese, American and Australian armed forces stationed on the island of New Guinea. Any outward postal mail had to pass over ocean waters, regardless of the intended delivery country. The mediumwave station 9PA with 250 watts on 1250 kHz was operated by both Australian and American personnel, and it broadcast syndicated programming for the benefit of both nationalities.  A QSL letter on a blank sheet of paper verifies the reception in Australia of 9PA dated March 23, 1945. Even though the correct call sign would have been 9AA. yet the station identification is shown as 9PA. The envelope carries a sticker stating, Opened by Censor, and a circular rubber stamping identifies the censor as No. 463.

 

A subsequent QSL letter from the same medium wave station 9PA was typed onto a small ABC letterhead dated June 11 (1945) though it was inserted into an army envelope. The oblong rubber stamping indicates army Censor No. 682. Much of the postal mail across the Pacific back then was examined by a censor, and many of the QSL cards from VOA the Voice of America in California and addressed to Australia and New Zealand carry a rubber stamping from an official censor. Station KWV with 20 kW at AT&T Dixon in California was logged in 1943 by both Jack Fox in Dunedin New Zealand and by Max Mudie (MEW-DEE, rhymes with Beauty) at Victor Harbor in South Australia. In both cases, the Red White and Blue QSL card from KWV was rubber stamped with a large circular stamp stating U. S. Censorship, and in both case it was the same censor, number 10177.  

 Interestingly, Max Mudie received another 1943 QSL card from AT&T Dixon, this time under another 20 kW call sign KWY, and it was rubber stamped by the very same censor No. 1017.  However Jack Fox received a similar 1943 Red White & Blue QSL card from the 50 kW KRCA at Bolinas in California and it was passed by a different censor, No. 10392.
 

During that same back then era, shortwave station WRUL at Scituate with its studios in Boston received a voluminous flow of listener mail from all over the world.  Many of those reception reports and letters were examined by homeland censors before they began their journey across the intervening ocean.  

For example, a 1942 envelope addressed to WRUL was examined by a censor in Greenland. The envelope was posted by an American serviceman on duty in Greenland and a sticker sealing the end of the envelope bears the Censor No. 6433. A 1943 envelope from Brazil was examined by Censor No. 6822; a 1943 envelope from Turkey was examined by Censor No. 457; and another 1943 envelope from Martinique in the Caribbean was examined by Censor No. 6915. This envelope was addressed simply to Radio Boston in the United States, but nevertheless it was delivered to the well known Boston shortwave station WRUL.

 

An equally vague address on an envelope from French Africa was examined by Censor No. 6915.  The address again stated quite simply Radio Boston, but the postal authorities nevertheless delivered the missive to shortwave WRUL.

 Then there was a postal card that was delivered to a shortwave station in California and it was written in the most difficult handwriting you could ever wish to see.  The 1944 postal card was addressed by Private Lawrence E. Hutchinson who was on recovery in Army Hospital 79, which we would suggest was somewhere in the Pacific. The card was addressed to Melody Roundup in Los Angeles. Now that was not a girl’s name, but rather it was the name of a radio program that was presented by the well known music group from that era, the Sons of the Pioneers.  Their programming was heard on AFRTS local stations throughout the world, and on shortwave from California. 

 

In order to provide accurate delivery, someone had added a note in pencil with two letters, SW, standing for shortwave. This card was passed by army base Censor No. 1561. The message side of the card stated that the writer was representing all of the patients in Ward A who would like to hear the song, Just Like Old Times. We can only presume that nostalgia was creeping over these wounded army personnel, and we would hope that AFRS Radio Shortwave did indeed honor their music request. 
(AWR Wavescan 463)

BBC begins Horn of Africa broadcast

Effective: 29 January 2018

All times UTC

1730-1830 on 7595, 11720 and 12065
1830-1930 on 9855 and 15490
1730 Amharic
1750 Oromo
1810 Tigrinya
1830 Amharic (repeat of 1730)
1850 Oromo (repeat of 1750)
1910 Tigrinya (repeat of 1810)
(BDXC)

Voice of Hope and VORW Radio International schedule updates

All times UTC

KVOH Voice of Hope 
Effective: 27 January
1500-2000 on 17775 VOH 100 kW / 100 deg to CeAm Spanish Mon-Fri, ex 1400-1900
2000-2100 on 17775 VOH 100 kW / 100 deg to CeAm Spanish Tue/Thu, ex 1900-2000
1600-2000 on 17775 VOH 100 kW / 100 deg to CeAm English Sat, ex 1900-2000 Fri

Voice of the Report of the Week Radio International
Effective in January
Two transmissions have been discontinued, two new transmissions has been added:
0100-0200 on  7490 BCQ 050 kW / 245 deg to ENAm English Fri via WBCQ is deleted
1600-1700 on  9400 SCB 100 kW / 306 deg to WeEu English Sun via SPL  is deleted
0100-0200 on  5850 YFR 100 kW / 315 deg to WNAm English Fri via WRMI additional
2100-2200 on  9265 INB 050 kW / 242 deg to CeAm English Sun via WINB additional

Updated schedule of Voice of the Report of the Week Radio International
2000-2100 on  7780 YFR 100 kW / 044 deg to WeEu English Thu via WRMI-01
2300-2400 on  9955 YFR 100 kW / 160 deg to SoAm Englisj Thu via WRMI-04
0000-0100 on  7730 YFR 100 kW / 285 deg to MEXI English Fri via WRMI-13
0100-0200 on  5850 YFR 100 kW / 315 deg to WNAm English Fri via WRMI-12
0100-0200 on  9395 YFR 100 kW / 355 deg to ENAm English Fri via WRMI-06
0100-0200 on  9455 YFR 100 kW / 285 deg to WNAm English Fri via WRMI-05
2100-2200 on  7780 YFR 100 kW / 044 deg to WeEu English Sun via WRMI-01
2100-2200 on  9265 INB 050 kW / 242 deg to CeAm English Sun via WINB tx
2100-2200 on  9395 YFR 100 kW / 355 deg to ENAm English Sun via WRMI-06
(SWLDX)
(edited-Teak Publishing)

Weekly Propagation Forecast Bulletins

Product: Weekly Highlights and Forecasts
:Issued: 2018 Jan 29 0117 UTC
# Prepared by the US Dept. of Commerce, NOAA, Space Weather Prediction Center
# Product description and SWPC web contact www.swpc.noaa.gov/weekly.html
#
#                Weekly Highlights and Forecasts
#
Highlights of Solar and Geomagnetic Activity 22 - 28 January 2018
Solar activity was at very low levels. The largest event of the period was a B9 flare from plage Region 2696 (S13, L=123). No Earth-directed CMEs were observed. No proton events were observed at geosynchronous orbit.

The greater than 2 MeV electron flux at geosynchronous orbit was at normal levels on 22-25 Jan and moderate levels from 26-28 Jan. A maximum flux of 348 pfu was observed at 27/2010 UTC. Geomagnetic field activity was at predominately quiet to unsettled levels with an isolated active interval observed late on 24 Jan. Quiet to unsettled periods were observed on 22 Jan and 24-26 Jan due to a pair of weak negative polarity CH HSS. Quiet levels were observed on 23 Jan and 27- 28 January.

Forecast of Solar and Geomagnetic Activity 29 January - 24 February 2018
Solar activity is expected to be at very low levels throughout the  outlook period. No proton events are expected at geosynchronous orbit. The greater than 2 MeV electron flux at geosynchronous orbit is expected to be at normal to moderate levels throughout the outlook period.

Geomagnetic field activity is expected to be at quiet to unsettled levels on 29-31 Jan, 04-05 Feb, 09-11 Feb, 15-18 Feb and 20-22 Feb, with isolated active periods likely on 10 Feb. This activity is due
to influence from recurrent CH HSSs. Mostly quiet conditions are expected for the remainder of the outlook period.

Product: 27-day Space Weather Outlook Table 27DO.txt
:Issued: 2018 Jan 29 0118 UTC
# Prepared by the US Dept. of Commerce, NOAA, Space Weather Prediction Center
# Product description and SWPC web contact www.swpc.noaa.gov/wwire.html
#
#      27-day Space Weather Outlook Table
#                Issued 2018-01-29
#
#   UTC      Radio Flux   Planetary   Largest
#  Date       10.7 cm      A Index    Kp Index
2018 Jan 29      69           8          3
2018 Jan 30      69           8          3
2018 Jan 31      69           8          3
2018 Feb 01      69           5          2
2018 Feb 02      69           5          2
2018 Feb 03      69           5          2
2018 Feb 04      69           8          3
2018 Feb 05      69           8          3
2018 Feb 06      70           5          2
2018 Feb 07      70           5          2
2018 Feb 08      70           5          2
2018 Feb 09      70           8          3
2018 Feb 10      70          12          4
2018 Feb 11      70           8          3
2018 Feb 12      70           5          2
2018 Feb 13      70           5          2
2018 Feb 14      70           5          2
2018 Feb 15      70           8          3
2018 Feb 16      70          12          4
2018 Feb 17      70           8          3
2018 Feb 18      70          10          3
2018 Feb 19      70           5          2
2018 Feb 20      70           8          3
2018 Feb 21      70          10          3
2018 Feb 22      70           8          3
2018 Feb 23      69           5          2
2018 Feb 24      69           5          2
(NOAA)

Weekly Propagation Forecast Bulletins

Product: Weekly Highlights and Forecasts
:Issued: 2018 Jan 22 0054 UTC
# Prepared by the US Dept. of Commerce, NOAA, Space Weather Prediction Center
# Product description and SWPC web contact www.swpc.noaa.gov/weekly.html#
#                Weekly Highlights and Forecasts
#
Highlights of Solar and Geomagnetic Activity 15 - 21 January 2018
Solar activity was at very low levels with a few B-class flares observed from Region 2696 (S13, L=123, class/area Cro/030 on 16 Jan). No Earth-directed CMEs were observed. No proton events were observed at geosynchronous orbit.
The greater than 2 MeV electron flux at geosynchronous orbit was at moderate levels on 15-18 Jan with a maximum flux of 273 pfu observed at 18/1925 UTC. Normal levels were observed on 19-21 January.
Geomagnetic field activity was at quiet to active levels on 15 Jan, quiet levels on 16-18 Jan and quiet to unsettled levels on 19-21 Jan. The field was influenced on 15 Jan by waning positive polarity
CH HSS influence. On 19-21 Jan, a pair of negative polarity CH HSSs resulted in weak geomagnetic field enhancements.

Forecast of Solar and Geomagnetic Activity 22 January - 17 February 2018
Solar activity is expected to be at very low levels throughout the outlook period. No proton events are expected at geosynchronous orbit. The greater than 2 MeV electron flux at geosynchronous orbit is
expected to reach high levels on 24-25 Jan; moderate levels on 22-23 Jan, 26-28 Jan and 11-15 Feb; and normal levels for the remainder of the outlook period. Geomagnetic field activity is expected to be at unsettled to active levels on 22-24 Jan, 28 Jan, 04-05 Feb, 09-11 Feb and 15-17 Feb, all
due to influence from recurrent CH HSSs. Mostly quiet conditions are expected for the remainder of the outlook period.

Product: 27-day Space Weather Outlook Table 27DO.txt
:Issued: 2018 Jan 22 0054 UTC
# Prepared by the US Dept. of Commerce, NOAA, Space Weather Prediction Center
# Product description and SWPC web contact www.swpc.noaa.gov/wwire.html
#
#      27-day Space Weather Outlook Table
#                Issued 2018-01-22
#
#   UTC      Radio Flux   Planetary   Largest
#  Date       10.7 cm      A Index    Kp Index
2018 Jan 22      69          10          3
2018 Jan 23      69          10          3
2018 Jan 24      69           8          3
2018 Jan 25      67           5          2
2018 Jan 26      67           5          2
2018 Jan 27      67           5          2
2018 Jan 28      67          10          3
2018 Jan 29      69           5          2
2018 Jan 30      69           5          2
2018 Jan 31      70           5          2
2018 Feb 01      70           5          2
2018 Feb 02      70           5          2
2018 Feb 03      70           5          2
2018 Feb 04      70           8          3
2018 Feb 05      70           8          3
2018 Feb 06      70           5          2
2018 Feb 07      70           5          2
2018 Feb 08      70           5          2
2018 Feb 09      70           8          3
2018 Feb 10      70          12          4
2018 Feb 11      70           8          3
2018 Feb 12      70           5          2
2018 Feb 13      70           5          2
2018 Feb 14      70           5          2
2018 Feb 15      70           8          3
2018 Feb 16      70          12          4
2018 Feb 17      68           8          3
(NOAA)

Shiokaze schedule update

Shiokaze QSL. Gayle Van Horn Collection

Clandestine station, Shiokaze (Sea Breeze) has updated their broadcast schedule, to reflect the following changes.

Effective from: 19 January 2018

All times UTC

1300-1400 5935 YAM 300 kW / 280 deg to NEAs, ex 6085 as follows:


1300-1330 Chinese Mon; Japanese Tue/Sat; Korean Wed/Fri/Sun; English Thu
1330-1400 Korean Mon/Wed/Fri/Sat; Japanese Tue/Sun; English Thu
1600-1700 6110 YAM 300 kW / 280 deg to NEAs, ex 7285 as follows
1600-1630 Chinese Mon; Japanese Tue/Sat; Korean Wed/Fri/Sun; English Thu
1630-1700 Korean Mon/Wed/Fri/Sat; Japanese Tue/Sun; English Thu
(SWLDX/Teak Pub)

Station has been n the air since 30 October, 2005. Frequencies are subject to change without notice.

Website: http://www.chosa-kai.jp/shiokaze.html 

From the Isle of Music and Uncle Bill's Melting Pot schedules 21-27

From the Isle of Music, January 21-27
January 14-20, our special guest is the award-winning Cuban jazzista Alejandro Falcón, who will talk to us about his new release Mi Monte Espiritual, and we will listen to a few selections from that album

From the Isle of Music - Habana Sax favorites

January 21-27, in honor of Jazz Plaza, we will listen to a potpuorri of excellent Cuban Jazz from the 1970s until today

Four opportunities to listen on shortwave:
1. For Eastern Europe but audible well beyond the target area in most of the Eastern Hemisphere (including parts of East Asia and Oceania) with 100Kw, Sunday 1500-1600 UTC on SpaceLine, 9400 KHz, from Kostinbrod, Bulgaria (1800-1900 MSK)
2. For the Americas and parts of Europe, Tuesday 0100-0200 UTC on WBCQ, 7490 KHz from Monticello, ME, USA (Monday 8-9PM EST in the US). This is running on a backup transmitter due to a recent fire.
3 & 4. For Europe and sometimes beyond, Tuesday 1900-2000 UTC and Saturday 1200-1300 UTC on Channel 292, 6070 KHz from Rohrbach, Germany.

Uncle Bill’s Melting Pot, January 21, 2018
Episode 45 of Uncle Bill’s Melting Pot, January 14, will be a bag of surprises, a little of this and that.
Episode 46 of Uncle BIll’s, Melting Pot, January 21, will focus on Albanian folk music. We promise it will be fun.
Sundays,
2300-2330 UTC (6:00PM -6:30PM Eastern US) on
WBCQ The Planet 7490 KHz shortwave from the US to the Americas and parts of Europe
(Bill Tilford/Tilford Productions)

Voice of Hope Africa extended schedule to 16 February

Zambia

Voice of Hope Africa from Lusaka, Zambia, has extended the following schedule, effective to 16 February, 2018.

All times UTC.

1600-1930 on  4965 LUV 100 kW / 000 deg to SoAf English Mon-Fri. This broadcast will return to 1900 UTC after the 16th.

1600-1930 on  6065 LUV 100 kW / 315 deg to WeAf English Mon-Fri

(DX Mix 1053)

1

WWRB cuts broadcast schedule following Overcomer Ministry demise

Limited shortwave schedule of WWRB Global 1, to 12 hours per week

WWRB, Morristown, Tennessee

All times UTC

0000-0200 on  3215 WRB 100 kW / 045 deg to ENAm English Sun/Mon
0200-0500 on  3195 WRB 100 kW / 045 deg to ENAm English Sun/Mon
2300-2400 on  3215 WRB 100 kW / 045 deg to ENAm English Sat/Sun

Transmissions of WWRB Global 2 currently inactive:
0200-1200 on  3185 WRB 115 kW / 045 deg to ENAm formerly Overcomer Ministry
1200-0200 on  9370 WRB 115 kW / 045 deg to ENAm formerly Overcomer Ministry
(SWLDX/Teak Pub)

Weekly Propagation Forecast Bulletins

Product: Weekly Highlights and Forecasts
:Issued: 2018 Jan 15 0519 UTC
# Prepared by the US Dept. of Commerce, NOAA, Space Weather Prediction Center
# Product description and SWPC web contact www.swpc.noaa.gov/weekly.html
#
#                Weekly Highlights and Forecasts
#
Highlights of Solar and Geomagnetic Activity 08 - 14 January 2018
Solar activity was very low throughout the summary period. Regions 2694 (S32, L=244, class/area=Axx/10 on 10 Jan) and 2695 (S08, L=260, class/area=Bxo/10 on 11 Jan) briefly contained sunspots and simple magnetic signatures early this period, but both regions were generally quiet and unproductive. No Earth-directed CMEs were observed.  No proton events were observed at geosynchronous orbit.

The greater than 2 MeV electron flux at geosynchronous orbit remained at normal flux levels throughout the summary period. Geomagnetic field activity reached G1 (Minor) geomagnetic storm
levels early on 14 Jan with isolated active periods observed on 08, 09 and 14 Jan due to the influences of multiple positive polarity CH HSSs. Generally quiet and quiet to unsettled geomagnetic field activity was observed throughout the remainder of the summary period.

Forecast of Solar and Geomagnetic Activity 15 January - 10 February 2018
Solar activity is expected to prevail at very low levels throughout the outlook period.  No proton events are expected at geosynchronous orbit.

The greater than 2 MeV electron flux at geosynchronous orbit is  expected to reach high levels on 15-19 and 23-25 Jan and moderate levels are expected on 20-22 and 26-28 Jan. Normal flux levels are
expected to prevail through the remainder of the outlook period. Geomagnetic field activity is expected to reach G1 (Minor) geomagnetic storm levels on 19-20 Jan with active levels expected on
21 Jan due to the influence of a recurrent, negative polarity CH HSS. Generally quiet and quiet to unsettled conditions are expected throughout the remainder of the outlook period.

Product: 27-day Space Weather Outlook Table 27DO.txt
:Issued: 2018 Jan 15 0519 UTC
# Prepared by the US Dept. of Commerce, NOAA, Space Weather Prediction Center
# Product description and SWPC web contact www.swpc.noaa.gov/wwire.html
#
#      27-day Space Weather Outlook Table
#                Issued 2018-01-15
#
#   UTC      Radio Flux   Planetary   Largest
#  Date       10.7 cm      A Index    Kp Index
2018 Jan 15      70          10          3
2018 Jan 16      70           5          2
2018 Jan 17      70           5          2
2018 Jan 18      70           5          2
2018 Jan 19      70          18          5
2018 Jan 20      70          18          5
2018 Jan 21      70          15          4
2018 Jan 22      72          10          3
2018 Jan 23      72           5          2
2018 Jan 24      72           5          2
2018 Jan 25      72           5          2
2018 Jan 26      72           5          2
2018 Jan 27      72           5          2
2018 Jan 28      70          10          3
2018 Jan 29      70           5          2
2018 Jan 30      70           5          2
2018 Jan 31      70           5          2
2018 Feb 01      70           5          2
2018 Feb 02      70           5          2
2018 Feb 03      70           5          2
2018 Feb 04      70           8          3
2018 Feb 05      70           8          3
2018 Feb 06      70           5          2
2018 Feb 07      70           5          2
2018 Feb 08      70           5          2
2018 Feb 09      70           8          3
2018 Feb 10      70          12          3
(NOAA)

TWR Unwraps new transmitter

TWR Bonaire ready for new transmitter

This afternoon eight wooden crates with the 450 kW transmitter got unwrapped by the TWR-staff on Bonaire. The crates arrived at the transmitter site at a symbolic moment, right after our Christmas Lunch!

Bernard Oosterhoff, TWR-Bonaire's station director says, ‘I am overjoyed that everything is progressing so well. We can feel Gods’ blessing on this special project! A year ago, we planned that we would be finished by the end of this year. Now it will be January, but for a big project like this, one month delay is not much and we trust on Gods timing. Yes, it is very special feeling to have the new transmitter under our roof now. An amazing amount of installation work has been done this year, so most of us take some well-deserved time off during Christmas.

Promote 800 AM frequency
In January we plan to hook up the new transmitter and test it. Please pray with us that the signal will reach into the new areas which we hope to cover and even beyond. Then when the signal is going strong, we will need to promote the 800AM frequency in the new regions, so many people will tune in and become regular listeners’
(phone/text TWR Bonaire)

Shortwave Radiogram weekend schedules

Hello friends,
Please note that WRMI Florida has replaced 11580 kHz with 7780 kHz to accommodate winter propagation in the northern hemisphere. So listen for Shortwave Radiogram on 7780 Sunday at 2030 and 2330 UTC.  See the new schedule below.

Due to automation problems, WRMI last weekend broadcast Shortwave Radiogram Monday at 0800 UTC on 5850 kHz but not the advertised 7730 kHz.  Both of those frequencies did not sign on until 0800 UTC, even though they are scheduled to start at 0700 UTC Sundays and Mondays. WRMI has been informed. I hope both 5850 and 7730 kHz carry Shortwave Radiogram this weekend, with the latter frequency more likely to reach Europe.

Last weekend’s Thor Micro was generally successful in weak-signal conditions, although this mode failed when received via a multipath signal.  And there were many examples of successful decoding of the Persian text (see below).

This weekend’s Shortwave Radiogram will mostly be in the usual MFSK32, but there will be one item in Thor 22. Thor 22 (I still don’t know if it should be Thor or THOR) has lately been used by digital HF nets in the northeastern USA. At 78 wpm, Thor 22 is somewhat slower than MFSK32 (120 wpm). As you decode the Thor 22, you will see the Shortwave Radiogram avatar in the upper right, and an image at the end of the news item. Unfortunately, Fldigi saves these images as .raw files, which are not as convenient as the .png files of MFSK32 images. You can find freeware to convert the .raw files to .jpg.

 Here is the lineup for Shortwave Radiogram, program 30, 13-14 January 2018, in MFSK32 except where noted:

  1:33  Program preview

 2:45  Norway strengthens Arctic cooperation with USA*
10:13  Bamboo railway restarts operations in Cambodia*
16:37  ABC TV logos might look interesting with multipath*
18:33  Thor 22: FEMA communications exercise*
23:23  MFSK32: Image* and closing announcements

* with image

** use UTF-8 character set

Please send reception reports to radiogram@verizon.net

And visit http://swradiogram.net
Twitter: @SWRadiogram
Facebook group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/567099476753304
  

Shortwave Radiogram Program 30 (13-14 January 2018)
Saturday	1600-1630 UTC	9400 kHz	MFSK32, Thor 22	Space Line, Bulgaria
Sunday	2030-2100 UTC	7780 kHz		WRMI Florida
Sunday	2330-2400 UTC	7780 kHz		WRMI Florida
Monday	0800-0830 UTC	7730 kHz 5850 kHz		WRMI Florida

The Mighty KBC transmits to Europe Saturdays at 1500-1600 UTC on 9400 kHz (via Bulgaria), with the minute of MFSK at about 1530 UTC (if you are outside of Europe, listen via websdr.ewi.utwente.nl:8901/ ).  And to North America Sundays at 0000-0200 UTC (Saturday 7-9 pm EST) on new 6150 kHz, via Germany. The minute of MFSK is at about 0130 UTC.  Reports to Eric: themightykbc@gmail.com . See also http://www.kbcradio.eu/ and https://www.facebook.com/TheMightyKbc/. 

Italian Broadcasting Corporation (IBC)  For the complete IBC transmission schedule visit  http://ibcradio.webs.com/  Five minutes of MFSK32 is at the end of the 30-minute English-language “Shortwave Panorama,” per the schedule below:

To Europe
Wednesday	2025-2030 UTC	1584 kHz (MW)	http://myradiostream.com/radiostudiox
Thursday	0325-0330 UTC	1584 kHz	http://myradiostream.com/radiostudiox
Saturday	2125-2130 UTC	1584 kHz	http://myradiostream.com/radiostudiox
Sunday	1155-1200 UTC	6070 kHz
To the Americas
Tuesday	0125-0130 UTC	11580 kHz
Friday	0225-0230 UTC	9955 kHz	http://wrmi.listen.creek.fm/stream
Saturday	0155-0200 UTC	11580 kHz
Sunday	0055-0100 UTC	7730 kHz

Thanks for your reception reports! 

Kim Andrew Elliott, KD9XB
Producer and Presenter
Shortwave Radiogram